1. S₁: For a conversation to be stimulating and sustained, the participants must be active talkers as well as active listeners.
S₆: Its better to paint the big picture first, and if your partner wantsto know more, you can always fill in with details.

P: This is usually unnecessary, confusing and even boring to your partner.
Q: Some people feel that they have to give long - winded explanations of their views.
R: Make a point of throwing the conversational ball to the other person after you have presented your ideas in an abridged form.
S: Be sure to do both in conversation.

2. S₁: If you want to do well in your examinations you need to be able to think for yourself which means not just following the guide - books but write what you think yourself.
S₆: If however you turn these ideas over in our mind accepting those which you agree with and fitting them into your stock of knowledge and rejecting the others you may get somewhere.

P: That will not help much.
Q: Few if any students do this.
R: By discussing things with other students, with your teachers, and with any intelligent people you meet you will find you can pick up a lot of new ideas but it'is no good first accepting these ideas, swallowing them undigested and then repeating them in the examinatioh.
S: At first you will find it difficult but if you go on trying you will find clear independent thought becomes easier.

3. S₁: Just as some men like to play football or tennis, so some men like to climb mountains.
S₆: You look down and see the whole country below you.

P: This is often very difficult to do, for mountains are not just big hills.
Q: Paths are usually very steep, and some mountain sides are straight up and down, so that it may take many hours to climb as little as one hundred feet.
R: There is always the danger that you may fall off and be killed or injured.
S: Men talk about conquering a mountain, and the wonderful feeling it is to reach the top of a mountain after climbing for hours and may be, even for days.

4. S₁: In ancient Indian history the city of Uijain was quite famous.
S₆: So one can see what a great love all who care for India must feel. for the ancientry of Ujjain.

P: Here lived at one time the poet Kalidasa.
Q: He was a famous learned astronomer.
R: And here also worked and visited Rajah Jaysingh of Jaipur.
S: It was always renowned as a seat of learning.

5. S₁: Of course, it is silly to try to overcome fears that keep us from destroying ourselves.
S₆: The only fears you need to avoid are silly fears which prevent you from doing what you should do.

P: This is sensible.
Q: You wait until it is out of the way before crossing.
R: You need some fears to keep you from doing foolish things.
S: You are afraid of an automobile coming rapidly down the street you wish to cross.

6. S₁: Jawaharlal Nehru was born on November 14.
S₆: Exhibitions of photographs of Pandit Nehru showing his life time are also arranged in some schools.

P: He loved children.
Q: On this day, children take part in many activities.
R: Sports, music, drama and debates are arranged in schools.
S: That is why his birthday is celebrated as Children's Day.

7. S₁: After the firing that evening the street that used to be full of people was completely deserted.
S₆: I was so frightened that I ran for my life.

P: Nor were any windows open or lighted.
Q: Suddenly I detected a movement to my left.
R: There was no trace of any human being and all doors were firmly closed.
S: Surprisingly, even the stray dogs had disappeared.

8. S₁: Let me elaborate a little on what I mean by a properly channelled scientific approach.
S₆: And of course, there are soldiers, commandos, to say nothing of intelligence men, besides many others who do their bit to make a successful attack.

P: There are planners deciding the strategy.
Q: In a major war, there are several different operations involved.
R: There are complex issues involving kations between different commun nerve centres.
S: There are factories producing the required armaments.

9. S₁: Plastic containers are being used more and more to package soft drinks, milk, oil, fruit juices, ketchup, etc.
S₆: Yet as plastics do not decompose by bacteria or naturally in the air, they are a big threat to the environment.

P: Most people think that this is the right thing to do, as it is economical.
Q: Plastic containers are cheap and light.
R: It is easier to transport materials packaged in them than in glass bottles.
S: They also involve theleast transport costs.

10. S₁: Frozen foods are so popular today that many people wonder how they ever lived without them.
S₆: Now refrigerators and deep freezers preserve many foods that could not be kept any other way.

P: Near the North Pole, where the ground stays frozen all the year around, there is no problem ,of preserving foods.
Q: Actually, people who live in cool climates.have had frozen foods for a long time.
R: Ice helped them when they could get it, -but they couldn't get,it very often.
S: But people who live in warm climates have not always been able to keep food fi-esh.